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Quick Guide to XML

Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a markup language that defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a format which is both human-readable and machine-readable. It is defined by the W3C's XML 1.0 Specification and by several other related specifications, all of which are free open standards.

Look at the following sample XML carefully,


In above image you can understand how will be a simple XML file look like and there are some basic rules elements and tags.

  • XML tags are case sensitive. 
  • Tags must be closed on appropriate order. 
  • An element name can contains any alphanumeric characters but only hyphen (-), underscore (_) and period (.) allowed as symbols. 
  • XML comments are same as HTML comments (<!—My comment -->).

XML encoding

  • UTF-8 : Eight bits used to represent a character. 
  • UTF-16 : Sixteen bits used to represent a character.

XML DTD (Document Type Declaration)

DTD can be appearing at the start of the XML document. It can be either inside the document or as a separate file.  Internal and external are the two main types of DTD.

Internal


External





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